Search Results for: Fiscal Health
Presentation | 2012
Is Toronto Broke? Financing the City of Toronto
Enid Slack
Presentation by IMFG Director Enid Slack on On October 4, 2012, sponsored by the Cities Centre, University of Toronto.
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Presentation | 2012
Reflections on Toronto’s Fiscal Health and the Decade Ahead: A Discussion with the City Manager
Joe Pennachetti
In 2011, the City of Toronto initiated a service review and multi-year budgeting process to achieve long term fiscal sustainability. Toronto City Manager, Joe Pennachetti discusses the various transformational changes taken over the last year to stabilize the City's fiscal position, and future strategic directions the City can take to build an economically vibrant and inclusive Toronto.
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IMFG Paper | 2012
You Get What You Pay For: How Nordic Cities Are Financed
Jorgen Lotz
The Nordic countries are small, unitary, and have largely homogeneous populations. Municipalities are the most important agents in the decentralized public sector. There are lessons to be learned from country to country in the field of local government financing, but comparisons need to be made with care.
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Book | 2012
A Tale of Two Taxes: Property Tax Reform in Ontario
Richard M. Bird, Enid Slack, and Almos Tassonyi
This book examines the broad reform of the Ontario property tax in 1998. The objectives of this reform included introducing a full market value assessment, establishing a property tax system that would be widely accepted, and removing property tax reform from the provincial political agenda. Although the reform effort was lauded by experts at the time, its overall objectives were not achieved. In fact, the new assessment system may have ultimately weakened the role of the local property tax. Good property tax design needs to recognize the important differences between taxing housing and taxing business property.
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Presentation | 2011
The Practice and Regulation of Municipal Loans and Bankruptcies in Hungary: The Challenges in 2011.
Izabella Barati-Stec
Since municipal sector spending represents almost 14% of Hungarian GDP, imbalances in municipal finance have a measurable effect at the macroeconomic level. The current government is setting new rules on local borrowing. With the rare two-thirds majority in parliament, it has the chance to introduce long awaited reforms, although they are likely to be met by intense opposition at the local level.
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IMFG Paper | 2011
Are There Trends in Local Finance?
Richard M. Bird
There is little evidence of regional, let alone worldwide, trends in local finances. In analyzing and comparing country experiences, it is important to be clear about the different (implicit or explicit) normative models to be found in the literature and exemplified in practice in different countries.
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IMFG Paper | 2011
Financing Large Cities and Metropolitan Areas
Enid Slack
This paper explores the financing of services and infrastructure in large cities and metropolitan areas. Do large cities spend more than smaller cities? Do larger cities have greater fiscal capacity? Are large cities treated differently from other cities? What are the appropriate revenue sources for large cities?
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IMFG Paper | 2011
Coping with Change: The Need to Restructure Urban Governance and Finance in India
M. Govinda Rao and Richard M. Bird
This paper identifies some key reforms needed to ensure more citizen participation and greater accountability in urban governance, and to augment and strengthen the capacity of Indian cities to deliver more adequate services and provide needed urban infrastructure.
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Search Research Archive
Burlington Gazette: Analysis of Strong Mayor Powers
March 30, 2026
Toronto Star: Enid Slack on the Use of Reserve Funds in Toronto’s Proposed Budget
February 10, 2026
CBC New Brunswick: Aaron Moore on Unequal Assessment Freezes
February 10, 2026
